<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE dataset SYSTEM "http://tarantella.gsfc.nasa.gov/xml/dataset_048.dtd">
<dataset subject="astronomy" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/XML/XLink/0.9">
	<title>Bonner Durchmusterung</title>
	<altname type="ADC">1122</altname>
		<altname type="CDS">I/122</altname>
		<altname type="brief">Bonner Durchmusterung</altname>
	<reference>
		<source>
<other>
	<title>Bonner Durchmusterung</title>
	<author>
			<initial>F</initial>
			<initial>W</initial>
			<initial>A</initial>
			<lastName>Argelander</lastName></author>
	<name>Bonner Sternverzeichniss, erste bis dritte Sektion, Astronomischen
   Beobachtungen auf der Sternwarte des Koeniglichen Rheinishen
   Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet zu Bonn, Baende 3-5,</name>
	<publisher>???</publisher>
	<city>???</city>
	
		<date>
			<year>1859-62</year></date>
	</other></source>
	<related>
			<holding role="similar">I/119 : Southern part "Suedlicher Durchmusterung" (-02 to -23 degrees)<xlink:simple href="I/119"/></holding>
			<holding role="similar">I/114 : Cordoba Durchmusterung                    (-22 to -90 degrees)<xlink:simple href="I/114"/></holding>
			<holding role="similar">I/108 : Cape Photographic Durchmusterung          (-18 to -90 degrees)<xlink:simple href="I/108"/></holding>
			   Argelander, F. W. A. 1859-1862, Bonner Sternverzeichniss, erste bis
      dritte Sektion, Astronomischen Beobachtungen auf der
      Sternwarte des Koeniglichen Rhein.,
      Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat zu Bonn, Bande 3-5.
   Becker, F. 1951, Bonner Durchmusterung, Noerdlicher Teil,
      Deklinations-Zonen -1 bis +89 grade Sternverzeichnis, dritte,
      berichtigte Auflage (Bonn: Ferd. Duemmlers Verlag).
   Chandler, S. C. 1896, Astron. J. 16, 145.
   Couteau, P., Fulconis, M., Ochsenbein, F., Wagner, M. J., and
      Maslo, W. 1983, Inf. Bull. CDS No. 25, p. 83.
   Giclas, H. L., Burnham, R. Jr., and Thomas, N. G. 1971, Lowell
      Proper Motion Survey, Northern Hemisphere, The G Numbered Stars
      (Flagstaff: Lowell Observatory).
   Kuestner, F. 1903, Bonner Durchmusterung des Noerdlichen Himmels,
      zweite berichtigte Auflage, Bonn Universitats Sternwarte (Bonn:
      A. Marcus und E. Weber's Verlag).
   Kuestner, F. 1908, Astron. Nach. 178, 33 (Nr. 4251).
   Kuestner, F. 1918, Astron. Nach. 206, 69 (Nr. 4929).
   Kuestner, F. 1925, Astron. Nach. 223, 309 (Nr. 5347).
   Luyten, W. J. 1979, 1980, New Luyten Catalogue of Stars with Proper
      Motions Larger than Two Tenths of an Arcsecond (Minneapolis:
      University of Minnesota).
   Luyten, W. J. and Hughes, H. S. 1980, Proper Motion Survey with the
      Forty- Eight Inch Schmidt Telescope. LV. First Supplement to the
      NLTT Catalogue (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota).
   Pickering, E. C. 1885, Harv. Ann. 14.
   Pickering, E. C. 1892, Harv. Ann. 23.
   Pickering, E. C. 1907, Astron. Nach. 175, 139.
   Pickering, E. C. 1913, Harv. Ann. 72.
   Schmidt, H. 1968, Bonner Durchmusterung, Noerdlicher Teil,
      Deklinations-Zonen -1 bis +89 grade Sternverzeichnis, vierte
      Auflage (Bonn: Ferd. Duemmlers Verlag).
   Sticker, B. 1935, Astron. Nach. 256, 341 (Nr. 6139).
   Sticker, B. 1936, Astron. Nach. 259, 187 (Nr. 6203).
   Sticker, B. 1938, Astron. Nach. 265, 127 (Nr. 6344).
   Upgren, A. R., Grossenbacher, R., Penhallow, W. S., MacConnell, D. J.,
      and Frye, R. L. 1972, Astron. J. 77, 486.
   Wagner, M. J. 1984, Inf. Bull. CDS No. 26, p. 87.
   Wagner, M. J. 1986, Inf. Bull. CDS No. 30, p. 117.
   Warren, W. H. Jr. 1987, Inf. Bull. CDS No. 32, p. 67.
   Warren, W. H. Jr. and Kress, K. 1980, Astron. Data Center Bull. 1, 19.</related></reference>
	<keywords parentListURL="http://messier.gsfc.nasa.gov/xml/keywordlists/adc_keywords.html">
			<keyword xlink:href="Surveys.html">Surveys</keyword>
			<keyword xlink:href="Durchmusterungen.html">Durchmusterungen</keyword></keywords>
	<descriptions>
				<description>
				<para>
   The Bonner Durchmusterung (BD, Argelander 1859-62, Kuestner 1903,
   Becker 1951, Schmidt 1968) is a visual survey of stars in the
   declination zones +89 to -01 degrees. The goal of the survey was to
   obtain a position and estimated visual magnitude for every star
   visible with the 78-mm Bonn telescope. Actual magnitude estimates
   were made and reported to 0.1 mag for all stars down to 9.5 mag,
   with fainter stars being assigned to 9.5. Positions are given to
   the nearest 0.1 sec in right ascension and 0.1 arcmin in
   declination.</para></description>
			<details>
			<para>
   The Bonner Durchmusterung (BD, Argelander 1859-62, Kuestner 1903,
   Becker 1951, Schmidt 1968) is a visual survey of stars in the
   declination zones +89 to -01 degrees performed by allowing the
   telescope to drift along the mean declination of each zone and
   recording the positions and magnitudes of stars crossing the
   transit line of each field. Actual magnitude estimates were made
   and reported to 0.1 mag for all stars down to 9.5 mag, with fainter
   stars being assigned to 9.5. The BD actually contains a rather
   large number of stars fainter than 10.0 mag. Positions are given to
   the nearest 0.1 sec in right ascension and 0.1 arcmin in
   declination.</para><para>   The catalog includes all corrigenda published in the original BD
   volumes have been incorporated into the machine file, along with
   changes published by Kuestner and Sticker following the 1903
   edition. In addition, stars indicated to be "missing" in published
   lists and verified by various techniques are flagged so that they
   can be omitted from computer plotted charts if desired. Stars
   deleted in the various errata lists have been similarly flagged,
   while those with revised data are flagged and listed in a separate
   table. No other corrections or changes have been incorporated into
   the original data, e.g., from more modern positions and magnitudes
   or from comparison with other catalogs.</para><para>   The original document (adc.doc) contains substantial additional
   information.</para></details></descriptions>
	<tableHead>
		<tableLinks>
				<tableLink xlink:href="bd.dat">
	<title>The Bonner Durchmusterung catalog</title></tableLink></tableLinks>
	<fields>
		<field>
			<name>cat</name>
			<definition>The catalog prefix</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>zonesign</name>
			<definition>The sign of the declination zone</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>zone</name>
			<definition>The declination zone</definition>
			<units>deg</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>num</name>
			<definition>The number of the star within the zone</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>suppl</name>
			<definition>Note
	<footnote>
			<para>
   a, b, or c: star is added in the 1903 or later editions
   * Data have been corrected as a result of corrigenda
   ? Existence of the star by Kuestner or Sticker
   D The star was deleted in a later edition by overstriking
   M The star was noted as missing by Chandler or Pickering</para></footnote></definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>mag</name>
			<definition>Estimated visual magnitude
	<footnote>
			<para>
   20.0 = neb; 30.0 = var; 40.0 = nova or nova?; 50.0 = integrated
   magnitude for a cluster
</para></footnote></definition>
			<units>mag</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>RAh</name>
			<definition>Right Ascension 1855 (hours)</definition>
			<units>h</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>RAm</name>
			<definition>Right Ascension 1855 (minutes)</definition>
			<units>min</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>RAs</name>
			<definition>Right Ascension, 1855 (seconds)</definition>
			<units>s</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>DE-</name>
			<definition>Sign of declination</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>DEd</name>
			<definition>Declination 1855 (degrees)</definition>
			<units>deg</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>DEm</name>
			<definition>Declination 1855 (minutes)</definition>
			<units>arcmin</units></field></fields></tableHead>
	<tableHead>
		<tableLinks>
				<tableLink xlink:href="bdchg.dat">
	<title>Changes since the original printing</title></tableLink></tableLinks>
	<fields>
		<field>
			<name>zone</name>
			<definition>The BD zone</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>num</name>
			<definition>The BD number</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>suppl</name>
			<definition>Supplemental designation</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>field</name>
			<definition>The field changed</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>old</name>
			<definition>The printed value</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>new</name>
			<definition>The corrected value</definition>
			<units>---</units></field>
		<field>
			<name>note</name>
			<definition>Comments
	<footnote>
			<para>
    1  Star of approximately 13 mag at nominal position.
    2  There is a "?" in the 1903 edition. No star could be found on the POSS
       prints or on the Vehrenberg Atlas Stellarum chart.
    3  Star of approximately 12 mag at nominal position.
    4  Candidate in field, but it is 3 arcmin north of the BD position.
       Star listed by Upgren et al. (1972) at right ascension an hour
       away from the BD position.
    5  Faint star(s) in field, but "M" flag retained in record.
    6  Possible variability noted by Kuestner (1918).
    7  Existence also questioned by Kuestner (1908).
    8  There is a "?" in the 1903 edition that was later removed by
       Kuestner (1918).
    9  There is a "?" in the 1903 edition of the BD.
   10  Non-BD star within 10 arcmin of nominal BD position.
   11  Non-BD star within 10 arcmin of nominal BD position; existence
       questioned by Kuestner.
   12  Non-BD star within 10 arcmin of nominal BD position. There is a "?"
       a "?" in the 1903 edition of the BD.
   13  There is a question mark in the 1903 edition that was later removed
       by Kuestner (1918). There is a non-BD star within 10' of nominal
       BD position.
</para></footnote></definition>
			<units>---</units></field></fields></tableHead>
	
			<textFile xlink:href="adc.doc"><name>adc.doc</name><description><para>The original document</para></description></textFile>
	<history>
		<ingest>
	
			<creator>
				<lastName>Nancy G. Roman</lastName>
				<affiliation>NSSDC/ADC</affiliation></creator>
	<date>
		<year>1994, modified CDS    20-Sep-1995</year><month>Nov</month><day>12</day></date><acknowledgement>This immense project was successfully completed only through the
   combined efforts of the institutes and individuals listed above and
   the work of many persons within those institutes. The initial work
   at the Astronomical Data Center/NSSDC was begun and supervised by
   Drs. J. M. Mead, T. A. Nagy, and Wayne Warren, Jr. but the punching
   could never have been begun, nor the project completed without the
   support of the former NSSDC Director, Dr. James I. Vette. This
   support continued under Dr. James L. Green, and the Head of NSSDC's
   Central Data Services Facility, Dr. Joseph H. King. The NSSDC zones
   (+19 to -01 ) were punched by Beth Alexander, Carol Bergstrom, and
   Margy Goodwin, while monitoring software for data transfer was
   written by Frank Barnes and migration to magnetic tape was done by
   Charleen Perry under the supervision of Ralph Post. ADC software
   for the formatting of binary data and for the exact reproduction of
   published pages for proofreading was written by Wayne Warren Jr.
   but the actual proofing was accomplished by summer students Paula
   Feldman and Kimberly Kniffen, who also assisted greatly with error
   checking, recording, and data corrections. Zones +24 and +25 were
   keyed directly to disk, printed, and proofread by Warren, while B.
   N. Rappaport arranged for the keypunching of zones +23 to +20 by
   Syntronix, Incorporated, of Sherman Oaks, California, checked the
   data with his own computer programs and financed the work himself.

   The punching of zones +59 to +26 was accomplished at l'Observatoire
   de Nice by M. Fulconis, under the direction of P. Couteau, and
   their proofreading was done at the CDS by M. J. Wagner and W.
   Maslo. Zones +80 to +60 were keyed directly to disk at the CDS by
   M. J. Wagner, W. Maslo, and R. Bonnet, with preprocessing software
   written and implemented by F. Ochsenbein. Zones +25 and +24 were
   also computerized at the CDS and used to check the data prepared at
   the Astronomical Data Center. Finally, the compilers thank Dr. R.
   A. Downes of Applied Research Corporation for bringing the
   "missing" stars to our attention, for supplying a complete list of
   the stars, and for rechecking certain questionable cases.

   This document is based on the original ADC document prepared by
   Wayne Warren Jr.</acknowledgement></ingest>
		
		<revisions>
	<revision>
		<creator>
			<lastName>UNKNOWN</lastName></creator>
		<date><year>UNKNOWN</year></date>
		<para>   The data in the machine-readable Bonner Durchmusterung were
   keypunched directly from the published catalogs through the
   collaborative efforts of personnel at l'Observatoire de Nice, the
   Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg, the National Space
   Science Data Center at the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and
   with the help of B. N. Rappaport, then at the NASA Jet Propulsion
   Laboratory. The following is the distribution of the work:
      Zones                        Location
    +89 to +60    Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS)
    +59 to +26    L'Observatoire de Nice
    +25 to +24    National Space Science Data Center (also CDS)
    +23 to +20    B. N. Rappaport (+23 also done at CDS)
    +19 to -01    National Space Science Data Center (+14 also done
                  at Nice)

   Zones +89 to +60 were also verified at the CDS and zones +59 to +26
   were proofread there, while the remaining zones were proofread at
   the Astronomical Data Center. Redundant zones were compared by
   computer and appropriate corrections were made. All zones were
   carefully examined, checked for sequencing and record counts,
   reformatted, and merged in the correct order at the ADC, where the
   final catalog was assembled. The supplemental entries were
   incorporated into the ADC/NSSDC and Rappaport zones from an earlier
   catalog prepared by Warren and Kress (1980) or used to check
   existing supplemental entries in the Nice and CDS zones. The
   published corrigenda lists were cross checked extensively against
   the reprinted editions of the catalog for preparation of the tables
   in the appendix of this document. Apparent discrepancies were
   checked on the BD charts and on the prints of the Vehrenberg Atlas
   Stellarum. The final catalog was run through a verification program
   that checked numerical sequencing of the BD numbers, monotonic
   increase in right ascension, and allowed data ranges. All cases
   where stars are out of RA order were checked in the original data
   to verify that their positions are as in the original catalog.

   The final file is ordered north to south strictly by BD number,
   i.e., in the zone order +89; +88; ...; -01. Users should note,
   however, that all stars are not strictly in right ascension order
   within each zone. This is because individual stars are occasionally
   out of RA order in the original catalog and because of corrections
   inserted from the corrigenda. Thus, if the machine catalog is
   sorted by increasing RA, e.g., for search purposes, some BD numbers
   will become disordered.

  *(20-Sep-1995, F. Ochsenbein, at CDS): Three further corrections
    made on stars:
    BD+65 820 (was named BD+65 821),
    BD+65 821 (was named BD+65 821!).
    BD-00 1000 (a digit was missing in the DEm field)</para></revision></revisions></history>
	<identifier>I_122.xml</identifier></dataset>